The single-frequency precise point positioning (SF-PPP) results indicate that the ionospheric modelling accuracy of the proposed method based on multi-GNSS observations is better than that of the current dual-system GIM in specific areas.
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Differential code biases (DCB) are by-products of the multi-GNSS ionosphere modelling, the corresponding standard deviations (STDs) are 0.06 ns, 0.10 ns, 0.18 ns and 0.15 ns for GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou and Galileo, respectively in satellite, and the STDs for the receiver are approximately 0.2~0.4 ns. The results show that the multi-GNSS GIM products are better than those of GIM products based on GPS-only. Multi-GNSS observations of over 300 stations from the Multi-GNSS Experiment (MGEX) and International GNSS Service (IGS) networks for two months are processed. The performance and contribution of multi-GNSS for ionospheric modelling are carefully analysed and evaluated. In this paper, the GIM is developed based on multi-GNSS ( GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou and Galileo) observations in the current multi-constellation condition. This provides great opportunities for deriving precise global ionospheric maps (GIMs) with high resolution to improve positioning accuracy and ionospheric monitoring capabilities. The emergence of China's Beidou, Europe's Galileo and Russia's GLONASS satellites has multiplied the number of ionospheric piercing points (IPP) offered by GPS alone. Ren, Xiaodong Zhang, Xiaohong Xie, Weiliang Zhang, Keke Yuan, Yongqiang Li, Xingxing
Global Ionospheric Modelling using Multi-GNSS: BeiDou, Galileo, GLONASS and GPS. It covers Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and includes the Russian GLONASS, the European system Galileo, and additional systems. This book is an extension to the acclaimed scientific bestseller " GPS - Theory and Practice". GNSS global navigation satellite systems : GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and more “ Galileo Adrift in European Outer Space.†40. Assuming that by.Told to Put House in Order.†38. Jolis, “Problems Run Rampant for Galileo Project.†27. US defense contractor Lockheed Martin developed an anti-jam GPS receiver in 2000 for its joint air.26. Their data, others employ different techniques. GPS and Galileo: Friendly Foes? (Walker Paper, Number 12) Comparable results are obtained through the tight combination when either a GPS or a Galileo satellite is selected as a reference. As well, the BSSD model improves the precision of the estimated parameters by about 50% and 25% when the loose and the tight combinations are used, respectively, in comparison with the un-differenced GPS-only model. Moreover, the BSSD GPS/Galileo PPP model improves the solution convergence time by about 50%, in comparison with the un-differenced GPS PPP model, regardless of the type of BSSD combination used. In addition, the semi-decoupled GPS/Galileo PPP model improves the solution precision by about 25% compared to the traditional un-differenced GPS/Galileo PPP model. It is shown that the traditional un-differenced GPS/Galileo PPP model, the GPS decoupled clock model, and the semi-decoupled clock GPS/Galileo PPP model improve the convergence time by about 25% in comparison with the un-differenced GPS-only model. A total of six data sets of GPS and Galileo observations at six IGS stations are processed to examine the performance of the various PPP models.
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Natural Resources Canada's GPSPace PPP software is modified to handle the various GPS/Galileo PPP models. We take advantage of the IGS-MGEX network products to correct for the satellite differential code biases and the orbital and satellite clock errors.
These include the traditional un-differenced model, the decoupled clock model, the semi-decoupled clock model, and the between-satellite single-difference model. This paper examines the performance of several precise point positioning (PPP) models, which combine dual-frequency GPS/Galileo observations in the un-differenced and between-satellite single-difference (BSSD) modes. Performance Analysis of Several GPS/Galileo Precise Point Positioning Models. The combined system is simulated and the number of visible satellites and PDOP values. The designed GPS satellite constellation and the planned Galileo satellite constellation are presented. The paper illustrates satellite coverage and PDOP values for a simulated combined GPS/Galileo system. PDOP values for simulated GPS/Galileo positioning
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